Los mitos venezolanos forman parte de los relatos populares que han surgido de la curiosidad y el miedo humano. La investigación histórica y antropológica ha reconstruido las leyendas venezolanas a partir de las tradiciones orales y los han puesto por escrito para que podamos leerlos hoy. Estos ejemplos de mitos y leyendas, ambas generalizadas por la cultura popular, despiertan el interés de poetas y escritores de todo el mundo para intentar de darle sentido a las fuerzas desconocidas de este universo.
Legends of Europe: 12 myths and legends of European countries full of mystery (love, intrigue, monsters ...)
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Within the Venezuelan legends and myths there is a crazy man popularly known as Luz Caraballo, it is a character that national literature immortalized as that peculiar Loca Merideña, whose controversial and melancholic history inspired the pen of the poet- writer Andrés Eloy Blanc1955), turning the crazy Luz Caraballo into an iconic figure of the Legends of Venezuela.
They say that this woman from the time of independence went crazy, wandering around the moor regretting and singing, after the departure of her husband and children recruited by the army of Bolívar.According to legend, he led the Spaniards on the opposite route to Bolívar's, allowing him to continue his trip through the Andes.Several works have been derived from the original poem and this famous legendary character of the Andean Oral Tradition is dedicated a monument near apartment, in the state of Mérida.
Within the Venezuelan legends, The Llorona is perhaps the most gloomy.The history of Lallorona in Venezuela, a spirit that screams desperately and incessantly by the loss of her little son (or children), that she killed or died in tragic circumstances circumstances.
A legend of the Venezuelan Llorona is located in a small rural town, where a young woman and poor woman lived who, being abandoned by her husband, decides to drown her children (or son) in a river.
Others say that Llorona in Venezuela was a woman who murdered her children at birth, until she decides to confess these atrocities to a priest.He advises you to breastfeed your next young before killing her.The Venezuelan legend of the Llorona ends, when the woman listens to the priest, which is why she fills with repentance, dies of madness.
Florentino was the best copler and rider of the plain.
A gloomy and unexpected night, while rising only for the plain to be built in that joropo in a nearby village, felt the presence of a mysterious man who pursued him.The rare man with totally black clothing turned out to be the devil, who ended up challenging him to the counterpoint.
Florentino knew that he would run out of soul if he was defeated singing in such a counterpoint.
However, Florentino with his talent for improvisation and his fervent belief in God, made the devil sing during the entire night uninterruptedly, without Florentino hesimo or making a mistake.At dawn, the devil had to disappear totally defeated.
Alberto a.Torrealba composed this fabulous sung verse that tells the counterpoint that emerged from the confrontation: Florentino versus the devil, and that today is one of the most popular Venezuelan folkloric stories the most popular short.
This is the malevolent spirit called The Sayona, a avenger who, in life, was betrayed by her husband.
In retaliation, she murdered her son, her husband and mother;And she was curse and condemned to wander eternally.From that tragic night, Sayona is dressed in white, walking to the drunks and other men who venture at dusk in search of extramarital adventures.There are those who confuse her with the Llorona.
The use of morality stories, such as the short Venezuelan myth for children or this legend and drawing of Sayona, are a way to transmit to children and young people, the disastrous results that occur when someone acts outside the rules of their society.
You know that the whistle is close when his whistle is weak, but you are safe when he whistles.They say that a boy who had a craving for deer guts for dinner, killed his father and destroyed him, because he did not find any deer.
The spoiled handed the guts to his mother to be part of the dinner menu.The mother, horrified when discovering the origin of the organs, tells the boy's grandfather what happened.The old man tied the young man in a pole, whispered him, feed him to the dogs and cursed him to wander whistling through the region forever, carrying his father's bones in a bag like punishment.
Another version says that this young man murdered his father and destroyed him because he had killed his wife, saying that it was his own fault and that it was an unfaithful "fox".
This is a story of the whistle and Juan Hilario.It is about a field man who said that the whistle of the whistle was only a story of credula people and that, in case of finding the whistle, Juan Hilario would take him to stick.The fact is that he soon left the sinister spectrum and began to give Juan Hilario a terrible beating, to the point that he arrived badly and agonizing the party to which he was heading.After this, the man swore not to make fun of the unknown.
María Lionza or Princess Yara: It is described as India, Blanca or Mestiza.Sometimes beneficial and sometimes evil.Cataloged as a protective and reassuring mother.Also as a beautiful, sensual and desirable woman.A naked India riding a tapir or a white or mestizo queen with a rose in the chest, which often appears accompanied by black Felipe and Cacique Guaicaipuro.These three deities, the three powers, are well known in Venezuela.
Among his mythical stories, such as examples of both oral and written Venezuelan legends, is the following:
One night, the Jirijara-Nívar Indians received an omen that one day a girl, daughter of a chieftain, whose eyes would have such a strange color that, if this young woman saw them reflected in the waters of the lake, a huge snake, theWater genius, would leave the lake and destroy the entire region.
The key to this myth lies in the connection between the reflection in the girl's eyes, María Lionza, her vision resulting from the beyond and her subsequent transformation into a snake.Indeed, when the beautiful Indian, ignoring the rules of the tribe, looks at her eyes reflected in the water of the lake, sees another world, a transcendent and alien domain: that of the gods and the dead.This vision makes the girl fall into water, which also gives access to the mythical world.
In Venezuela state Yaracuy, is the Mountain of Sorte, Pilgrimage Center of believers in this divinity.
Ancient legend of Caracas de yesterday.The Dwarf of the Cathedral is a legend in the city of Caracas, since the 18Hell transforming into a horrible giant;It only appears at midnight and belongs to urban Venezuelan legends.
It is said that he was a small man with the appearance of dwarf who ridiculed for his size;On one occasion, some women persecuted him to make fun of him, but managed to hide in the cathedral, where he remained until his death.After that, a Venezuelan myth was formed that lasted many years.
Soul alone translates as "lonely soul" or "lonely spirit".This particular entity is part of the popular myths of Latin American magic folklore.It represents a woman standing in the middle of the flames, burning forever, but never consumed.Look up, with the hands chained towards the sky.
Does your spirit burning among infernal flames or burning your heart among flames of love?
It is an alleged love without corresponding to this sad soul to its painful condition: there are those who believe that the "soul alone" preferred the pleasures of passenger romance instead of its eternal salvation.It is invoked mainly in the most desperate love spells.
It is considered one of the legends in Venezuela most famous in the grasslands.
He tells the story of the existence of man whose ambitious desire led him to agree with Satan, and became the imposing attorney of almost all lands and farms in the area, known as Juan Francisco Ortiz, the mandamás and owner from the earth.In this covenant, this degenerate man handed his wife and children to barter from abundant money, cattle and land.
But Juan Machete, seeing a millionaire, wanted to trace the devil and breached his promise made: he began to make sacraments baptizing several children who were born in the vicinity ...
The name of Juan Machete's soul is due to the fact that he always appears with a seated machete at the waist especially to prevent anyone from living in their lands ... known as the horticulture or herd old lad La Caña Brava.
The Momoy is a kind of goblin of the Venezuelan Andes, since pre -Columbian times and inhabit the areas of Mérida and Trujillo, especially in Lagunas and Ríos.They are described in short Venezuelan myths for children, such as young men, about 40 cm high.Related to stories of fright and appeared.
One of the stories of mystery and terror, was where some workers were supposedly attacked by elves in the construction of some channels to bring drinking water to the city of Mérida- Venezuela.
The Momoyes look native -style clothes, decorate their figure with pen, flowers and other plant parts.They are usually accompanied with a stick or club to walk.They are also described with long beards and huge co -gap hats.Others believe that these creatures are benign, naughty and protective elves of the environment.
In Vargas state, a few kilometers from Caruao, there is a well fed by the Aguas Calientes River.The water that falls into small waterfalls from the great mountain until reaching the "well of the priest", since this place received its name for an incident that, according to Venezuelan legends, occurred there a long time ago.
The legend of the cure well says that between Oritapo and La Sabana there was a monastery where a cruel priest lived who constantly visited the spring and celebrated great parties with the most beautiful women of the surrounding villages.The priest did not care in the least that scandals arose around him, he simply caused them without feeling guilty.
Who has not heard of this popular legend in Tuy hamlets such as Caracas or other nearby towns?where many people claims to have perceived the thunderous sound of the horse kicking alongside the rodge of the carriage.For this reason, both young and adults remain at home at night to avoid the dark encounter with the so -called "Devil's Carton".
What is the devil's carriage?It is an old horsepower car that was heard in the dark old Caracas, "without electricity".Many Parranderos took that evil and fearsome stumble, several died at the moment, and others were submerged in the darkness of madness.
More than a legend, this is a real and spooky story.
A creator of German-Venezuelan mummies capable of overcoming the Egyptian mummification.His magnificent invention: embalm the bodies without extract.That was his last desire.
The image of the German doctor Gottfried Knoche, "a version of Frankenstein in Venezuela," has reached mythical and legendary levels.Its expertise and predilection for the art and science of embalming, the preparation of mummies and its seclusion in its farm in the heights near the Galipán peak, in the northern aspect of the Cordillera de la Costaconjectures, calling him a sorcerer, nigromante or sorcerer;Making part, of the myths and legends of Venezuela.
This is the story of María José Cárdenas, a young Caracas who in the 50s died on the Vieja de la Guaira road, which communicates the city of Caracas with the closest beaches.The young woman in love left that day determined to marry the love of her life, a young man who lived in La Guaira.As Maria's mother did not agree with this wedding, the lovers decided to marry in secret.
She dressed as a girlfriend took a taxi, but she broke down in the middle of the road, so Maria got off the taxi and began asking travelers who traveled there, to take her.With the bad luck that the driver who wore her was drunk and caused the fatal accident where the bride died.Since then, many drivers say they have seen it on that same road.Therefore it is part of the myths and legends of the Vargas state.
Many beliefs surround the origin of the fireball, including: which is the soul of a jealous woman named Candelaria who murdered her husband, or a sinful bishop.Others say that it is the spirit of a son who cursed his mother, or that these are two comadres who fought on Holy Thursday, or the wandering spirit of a couple who had a sexual encounter during Holy Week, among others.
The truth is that those who have seen the ball of Candela, by Guanare or other plains of Portuguesa and Colombia, especially in Holy Week, say it is a huge wheel that seems to come to you.
They say that the father of "María Eugenia" killed "José".Then, he ordered the body to be bounced without allowing him Christian burial.
When the days passed, when the father went back home, and just when he passed near the place where they threw the body, he felt an intense chill ... the figure of a strange man was achieved (spirit of Joseph) who called him and told himthat he had to pay what he had done.
The father came trembling with fear, went crazy and died within a few days.From that time the locals have seen this horrible fright, "Michelena's chain" appears black tunic dress, bright eyes and dragging a chain.For this reason it appears in the names of more chilling myths.
In Ospino, a historic people who do not escape the popular mystery legends that are part of the Portuguese folklore, the legend of the lost or hacking hachador is born, a fearsome figure that some simply call hachero, affirming that it is the sore soul of a man who cutWood in the mountains to make your own urn.
There are short, quite analytical Venezuelan myths, which say that the hacker used to get up very early and go to bed well because he cut firewood every day on the mountain and sold it in the town.A man who cut firewood during Holy Week, and that is why during these days of prayer and reflection, the man of the Ax.
Within Venezuelan myths and legends for children, we have Caribay and the 5 eagles.Caribay was a descendant of the Chia Paliducha (the moon) and the hot zuhé (the sun).Caribay imitated the song of the birds, and according to the Mirripuy culture (an Andean Venezuelan), she represented the origin of the woman.
On one occasion, Caribay spotted 5 White Eagles flying in the sky and fell in love with her beautiful plumage.He followed them, crossing valleys and mountains, always following their shadows.
Each of these birds landed in a cliff and stayed still.Caribay wanted to decorate with these rare and magnificent feathers and ran towards them to tear them out, but the cold of the glacier numbed her hands, the eagles frozen and became five huge masses of ice.
Thus, Caribay scared away.Soon the moon was overshadowing and the five eagles wake up, and all the mountains are covered with white feathers, while beating their wings furiously.
Within so many examples of short myths that speak of the origin of nature.This in particular is about the origin of the snowy mountains of Mérida.
These 5 birds symbolize the five high peaks that are usually covered with snow: Pico La Concha, Pico El Lion, Pico El Toro and the Famous: Pico Humboldt and Pico Bolívar.This is one of the short -known Venezuela myths.
She is the story of a woman who worked in a restaurant in Caracas, denied a plate of food to her mother and decided to pushing her from the restaurant.
Being outside the restaurant, the mother met an unknown man who, seeing her crying offered him a currency with the San Andrés cross to pay her food.He instructed him, that once the daughter received the currency as payment of the food, she told her to keep the change, and that when she turned around ... she would receive a lesson.
So, the old woman did.After eating, and delivering that currency to the daughter, he told him to keep the change.The young woman when she turned around partially transformed into a mule and began to whin.
From that moment on, the woman with equine face covers her face with a white veil and is presented in each church to pray.This narrative is ideal to include in the set of short Venezuelan myths for children, for the type of teaching it leaves.
Monday is the day of souls.On tonight, it was customary in the households of the plain, pray and light a candle.In prayer he prayed for a particular soul, whether a relative or a deceased with whom they had dreamed.Whether they have mourners or not ...
Mondays, in almost all houses, a candle burned in the darker and sectioned corner or behind the kitchen door, sometimes even in the toilet.No one dared to enter this place after praying the prayer and turning on the candle.
Prayer was said and the light was turned on, because the souls were supposed to gather in the place to pray until well at night.
Many people claim to have heard their prayers and regrets, others have seen them and describe them as dressed in white, with bare feet, with candles lit on the hands.In front of them, the one who runs the rosary is alone and separated from the group.While walking through the lonely streets, there is a creepy murmur that would put the hair on the tip of any Christian, however brave it was.
The legend says that Lorenzo, the young man of twenty -seasons, who lived in that farm of ejido an old Merideña village.In the middle of the hacienda and next to the road there was a small brick house and straw.There Marta lived, a beautiful girl who waited every afternoon to Lorenzo's return from her excursions to the town.
One day Lorenzo wanted to go to Mérida with his mother and Marta, however, the disease of the mother of Lover Martha prevented him from pleased him.On March 26 there was a strong earthquake that caused the collapse of many buildings in Mérida.Marta upon learning of what happened ran to Mérida.
When he arrived, he found Lorenzo's mother inconsisorably looking at the rubble under which her son's body lay.
It is said that Martha's pain was so great that, after her death, she resurrected as a ghost, with eyes different from those of her original form and with a face devoid of expression.Every Holy Thursday you can see a solitary young woman walking through the streets of Mérida.
Within the short myths for Venezuelan children, there is an interesting one around a waterfall and a declaration of love comparable with the most fabulous examples of myths Venezuelans and the heroic deeds of Greek mythology.The cascade of dancers, Mérida state: "Water veil, tears of love still shed by Princess Carú".
The myth tells that, during the Spanish occupation, a princess named Carú, of the indigenous dancers, was about to marry the firstborn of the chief of the Mocoties Indians.The beautiful young girl was very excited because the time of the bridal ceremony was approaching.
But almost at the time of the wedding, the vigías shouted that they saw rare iron dresses and mounted on four -legged beasts.So the tribes met in a bloody battle that left many dead indigenous people, including Carú's fiance.
The young woman hugged the lifeless body of her beloved and asked the god of the mountain to return her life.To do this, Carú carried the body of his fiance to the top for three days;However, she couldn't take it anymore and she fell hugged with him and crying died.The God moved before this demonstration of love, picked up the tears of Carú and created the waterfall of dancers.
One of the short myths for Venezuelan children related to the city of Caracas is this, which narrates the origin of its great mountain El Ávila.In the pre -Columbian era it was called Guaraira Repano, which supposedly means "the wave that comes from afar".The natives of the site said that the mountain did not exist in the past and that the sea could be seen from the valley.
Until one day, the goddess of the sea got angry with the tribes and wanted to exterminate the entire town with a huge wave.The whole town knelt and apologized to the goddess, and when the wave was about to break over them, the goddess took pity and transformed the wave into the great mountain that exists today.
Eloy Tarazona, the "Indian Tarazona" was a confidant, permanent bodyguard and head of his personal guard of General Juan Vicente Gómez, a Venezuelan dictator.
In full stage, that man with acute and penetrating eyes embruja to the Caracas with his acts of magic.
Within the spectators there are two unique personalities: on the one hand, the polished commander Barreto, head of Armament of the dictatorial government of Pérez Jiménez, and on the other, Fortunato Herrera, also called "the platinum", considered confident and faithful element of the aforementioned dictator.
After the show, the two high personalities are directed to the dressing room of the Magician "Fassman" in order to hire him to hypnotize a person and force him to reveal the location of a valuable treasure.
Venezuelan mythology books are full of strange monsters and creatures as fascinating as repulsive and curious.Who are these characters that occupy the main books of Venezuelan legends?Are they really what they seem?There is everything to read, as Venezuelan myths from the pages of these texts with an original and captivating angle.
In Venezuela there is a popular and widespread legend about an evil spirit called The Sayona.
It is a ghost in the form of a righteous woman to whom her husband betrayed in life.In an explosive vengeful reaction, he killed his own mother and children;And she was cursed and condemned to wander eternally, stalking the drunks and other men who venture at dusk in search of extramarital adventures.
It is difficult to summarize the fantastic Venezuelan imagination in a single book.A nation full of rare stories, legends and supernatural anecdotal stories.
Mercedes tries to expose a general panorama of the most highlight of these traditional beliefs to make them known and conserve them for the generations that are being raised.
It is a very easy text to read.To delight reading and soaked with certain legends.A lot of printed words that tell memorable customs of the collective.Nourishing of well -known stories such as "The Llorona", "The Sayona", "El Silbón", although it is quick, well organized and useful reading.
A pleasant way to illustrate and nurture the reader of Creole culture.The esoteric and mystical character that dyes every myth and legend, with its great reserve of unknowns without deciphering, as the common believer so amateur, makes them an important instrument for their conservation.
These pages take the reader to an adventure for contemporary Venezuelanity along an extraordinary compilation of body scenarios, emerged decades from faith to Maria Lionnsa.Something particular that appears these lines is a modern cluster of popular mysticism so known that it should be understood not only as an archaic folklore.
To end this trip of imagination through myths and legends, it is important to remember that this is a way of deepening the world of folklore.The Venezuelan myths, whether the numerous short myths of Venezuela, and even the curious super short myths, serve to rediscover the history from another point of view: that of fiction that distills fascination and suggestion.Through Venezuelan legends you can even discover, together with children a great mystery adventure.
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